文章信息

近日，全球食物经济与政策研究院（AGFEP）田旭教授（通讯作者）与中国农业大学经济管理学院2023级硕士研究生陈子浩合作撰写的论文 “The relaxation of birth control policies adversely affects women’s income: Evidence from China’s universal two-child policy”在China Economic Review发表。

China Economic Review是经济学知名期刊，中国科学院经济学一区，最新影响因子为6.2。本研究得到了国家自然科学基金（72361147521）和国家社会科学基金（22&ZD084）的资助。

文章内容

We examine the impact of the relaxation of birth control policies on women’s income. By leveraging variations in birth control polices in China following the implementation of the Universal Two-Child Policy in 2016, we find that the relaxation of birth control significantly reduces women's income and further exacerbates the intra-household income gap. Further investigation into potential mechanisms reveals that the negative impact of the UTC policy on women’s income may be primarily due to the motherhood penalties associated with having a second child, as well as labor market discrimination stemming from perceived fertility intentions and increased familial responsibilities. Our study provides crucial insights for policymaking concerning fertility growth and the refinement of fertility support measures.

2016年正式实施的全面二孩政策标志着持续近四十年的独生子女政策政策退出历史舞台，社会各界不断关注生育限制放开后对中国的老龄化、生育率可能产生的影响，但是鲜有文献探讨生育控制政策放松后对女性在劳动力市场表现的负面影响。本文利用 2016 年全面二孩政策实施后中国生育控制政策的变化，我们发现全面二孩政策显著降低了女性的收入，并进一步加剧了家庭内部的收入差距。对潜在机制的进一步研究表明，全面二孩政策对女性收入的负面影响可能主要归因于与生育二胎相关的生育惩罚，以及由于人们对生育意愿的认知和家庭责任的增加而导致的劳动力市场歧视。我们的研究为有关生育增长和完善生育支持措施的政策制定提供了重要的见解。